Fig. 3

Deficiency in the homologous recombination repair gene ATM predicts elevated proliferation and aggressiveness in thyroid carcinoma. (A) Mutations in genes associated with apoptosis, the p53 signaling pathway and the homologous recombination pathway are more frequent in tumors with lymph node metastasis. (B) Mutation sites of ATM are focused in the FAT domain. (C) Low expression of ATM is relatively more frequent in samples with ATM^MUT and is significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. (D) ATM mutation was correlated with lymph node metastasis in cancer tissues. (E) Significantly greater relative viability of B-CPAP, TPC-1, Cal-62 and Nthy-ori-3-1 was shown after ATM knock-down than in NC-transfected cells. (F) Significantly decreased apoptosis was shown after decreasing ATM expression. (G) Significantly greater invasive capability of B-CPAP^si−ATM, Cal-62^{si − ATM}, TPC-1^{si − ATM} and Nthy-ori-3-1^{si − ATM} was shown than NC-transfected cells