Table 2 Summary of studies evaluating the prognostic value of pre-therapy FDG-PET/CT in metastatic melanoma
Author Number of patients | PET Time point | Therapy | Features assessed | Outcomes | Findings | PET/CT Scanners | Externe validation | Harmonization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ito et al [48] n = 142 | Pre-therapeutic | Ipilimumab (second line) | MTV, TLG, SULmax, SULpeak | Survival prognosis | TB-MTV and TB-TLG predicted survival | GE Discovery Series (VCT, ST, STE, 600 and 690), | No | A cross-calibration between the dose calibrator and the FDG-PET/CT was carried out every month |
Seban et al [50] n = 56 | Pre-therapeutic | Ipilimumab Pembrolziumab | SUVmax, SUVmean, TB-MTV, BLR, SLR | Survival prognosis | TB-MTV > 16.3 ml and BLR > 0.76 was independently associated with a shorter OS (both P < 0.001) and a shorter PFS (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively) | GE Discovery 690 FDG-PET/CT | No | NA |
Nakamoto et al [54] n = 92 | Pre-therapeutic | Pembrolziumab Nivolumab | SUVmax, MTV, BLR | Survival prognosis | BLR > 0.78 was independently associated with a shorter PFS and OS (P = 0.017 and P = 0.011, respectively) | GE Discovery 600, 690, 710 or MI (GE Healthcare), | No | Normalization to hepatic background |
Schweighofer-Zwink et al [55] n = 51 | Pre-therapeutic | Ipilimumab Pembrolziumab Nivolumab | SULmax, SULpeak, SULmean, TB-MTV, TB-TLG, TBR, TMR | Survival prognosis | TBR was independently associated with survival (cutoff value of 2.15, sensitivity of 88.5%, and specificity of 68.0% for 3-year survival) | Phillips TF Ingenuity and Siemens Biograph mCT scanners | No | Acquisitions were carried out on the basis of EARL criteria (in order to maintain compatibility between data obtained from the two scanners), Use of Philips IntelliSpace Portal software, version 10.1. |
Annovazzi et al [57] n = 57 | Pre-therapeutic | BRAFi MEKi | TB-MTV | Survival prognosis | TB-MTV > 56 ml was independently associated with a shorter PFS and OS | Siemens Biograph16 (Siemens Healthineers), | No | NA |
Iravani et al [59] n = 106 | Pre-therapeutic | Ipilimumab-Nivolumab combination | TB-MTV TB-TLG | Survival prognosis | TB-MTV > 42 ml was independently associated with a shorter PFS and OS | FDG PET/CT scanners, including Biograph 16(Siemens Healthineers), GE 690 or GE 710 Discovery (GE Healthcare) scanners | No | Cross-calibration every 3 months |
Flaus et al. [60] n = 56 | Pre-therapeutic | Pembrolziumab Nivolumab | 41 features including: First order statistics, GLCM, GLRLM, GLSZM, NGLDM | Survival prognosis Therapeutic response | Both TB-MTV > 5.6 ml and LZE >-437were independently associated with a shorter OS (P < 0.0001) | Biograph mCT Flow 20 (Siemens Healthcare) and Biograph 6 HI-REZ (Siemens Healthcare) Biograph Horizon 16 (Siemens Healthcare) and Discovery 690 (General Electrics Healthcare) | No | ComBat procedure |