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Table 1 Clinical features of patients according to the PET RS in the training and validation cohorts

From: Development and validation of a machine learning-based 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT radiomics signature for predicting gastric cancer survival

 

Developing cohort

Validation cohort

All

Low

High

P

All

Low

High

p

N = 229

N = 114

N = 115

 

N = 98

N = 40

N = 58

 

Age

   

0.009*

   

0.008*

 <65

72 (31.4%)

50 (39.5%)

27 (23.5%)

 

43 (43.9%)

24 (60.0%)

19 (32.8%)

 

 ≥65

157 (68.6%)

64 (60.5%)

88 (76.5%)

 

55 (56.1%)

16 (40.0%)

39 (67.2%)

 

Gender

   

0.119

   

0.857

 Female

58 (25.3%)

34 (29.8%)

24 (20.9%)

 

26 (26.5%)

11 (27.5%)

15 (25.9%)

 

 Male

171 (74.7%)

80 (70.2%)

91 (79.1%)

 

72 (73.5%)

29 (72.5%)

43 (74.1%)

 

BMI

   

0.342

   

0.639

 Low

37 (16.2%)

15 (13.2%)

22 (19.1%)

 

13 (13.3%)

6 (15.0%)

7 (12.1%)

 

 Normal

165 (72.1%)

87 (76.3%)

78 (67.8%)

 

66 (67.3%)

28 (70.0%)

38 (65.5%)

 

 High

27 (11.8%)

12 (10.5%)

15 (13.0%)

 

19 (19.4%)

6 (15.0%)

13 (22.4%)

 

NRS2002

   

0.015*

   

0.670

 <3

162 (70.7%)

89 (78.1%)

73 (63.5%)

 

78 (79.6%)

31 (77.5%)

47 (81.0%)

 

 ≥3

67 (29.3%)

25 (21.9%)

42 (36.5%)

 

20 (20.4%)

9 (22.5%)

11 (19.0%)

 

Chemotherapy

   

0.090

   

0.581

 No

145 (63.3%)

66 (57.9%)

79 (68.7%)

 

63 (64.3%)

27 (67.5%)

36 (62.1%)

 

 Yes

84 (36.7%)

48 (42.1%)

36 (31.3%)

 

35 (35.7%)

13 (32.5%)

22 (37.9%)

 

CEA

   

0.001*

   

0.642

 Normal

141 (61.6%)

82 (71.9%)

59 (51.3%)

 

66 (67.3%)

28 (70.0%)

38 (65.5%)

 

 Elevated

88 (38.4%)

32 (28.1%)

56 (48.7%)

 

32 (32.7%)

12 (30.0%)

20 (34.5%)

 

CA199

   

< 0.001*

   

0.014*

 Normal

163 (71.2%)

99 (86.8%)

64 (55.7%)

 

70 (71.4%)

34 (85.0%)

36 (62.1%)

 

 Elevated

66 (28.8%)

15 (13.2%)

51 (44.3%)

 

28 (28.6%)

6 (15.0%)

22 (37.9%)

 

Surgery

   

< 0.001*

   

0.013*

 No

93 (40.6%)

17 (14.9%)

76 (66.1%)

 

39 (39.8%)

10 (25.0%)

29 (50.0%)

 

 Yes

136 (59.4%)

97 (85.1%)

39 (33.9%)

 

59 (60.2%)

30 (75.0%)

29 (50.0%)

 

Clinical TNM

   

< 0.001*

   

0.416

 Stage I

26 (11.4%)

25 (21.9%)

1 (0.87%)

 

8 (8.16%)

5 (12.5%)

3 (5.17%)

 

 Stage II

34 (14.8%)

28 (24.6%)

6 (5.22%)

 

21 (21.4%)

7 (17.5%)

14 (24.1%)

 

 Stage III

69 (30.1%)

36 (31.6%)

33 (28.7%)

 

32 (32.7%)

15 (37.5%)

17 (29.3%)

 

 Stage IV

100 (43.7%)

25 (21.9%)

75 (65.2%)

 

37 (37.8%)

13 (32.5%)

24 (41.4%)

 

SUVmean†

4.37 [3.14;6.57]

3.81 [2.72;6.11]

4.83 [3.37;7.23]

0.009*

4.52 [3.02;7.13]

3.92 [2.85;7.13]

4.99 [3.39;7.13]

0.167

SUVmax†

7.22 [4.68;11.1]

6.55 [4.08;10.3]

8.23 [5.10;12.0]

0.004*

7.34 [4.52;12.1]

6.23 [4.10;12.1]

8.73 [5.36;12.1]

0.061

MTV†

17.7 [8.33;31.6]

11.5 [6.06;21.5]

23.6 [15.5;40.2]

< 0.001*

19.7 [8.46;33.8]

9.18 [7.24;16.9]

26.4 [18.8;43.6]

< 0.001*

TLG†

83.7 [31.9;160]

43.9 [20.8;117]

110 [64.4;221]

< 0.001*

90.0 [33.1;200]

37.2 [23.2;116]

124 [66.8;205]

< 0.001*

  1. Note: Unless otherwise stated, data are numbers of patients and percentages are in parentheses. *, P < 0.05; †, Data are median with interquartile range in parentheses; BMI: Body mass index; NRS 2002: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA199: Carbohydrate antigen199; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis; SUVmean: Mean standardized intake value; SUVmax: Maximum standardized intake value; MTV: Metabolic tumor volume; TLG: Total pathological glycolysis
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