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Table 3 Comparison of the spectral CT analysis results for Ki-67 expression

From: Differentiation of pathological subtypes and Ki-67 and TTF-1 expression by dual-energy CT (DECT) volumetric quantitative analysis in non-small cell lung cancer

parameter

Volumetric spectral analysis

Conventional spectral analysis

Low-level

(n = 34)

High-level

(n = 53)

P value

Low-level

(n = 34)

High-level

(n = 53)

P value

Arterial Phase

      

 CT40-keV (HU)

146.72 ± 35.28

129.42 ± 31.17

0.050*

144.65 ± 29.95

127.37 ± 33.22

0.013*

 CT60-keV (HU)

75.05 ± 13.88

70.35 ± 13.61

0.123

75.32 ± 10.46

70.27 ± 14.75

0.086

 CT70-keV (HU)

58.04 ± 9.76

56.36 ± 10.17

0.447

58.91 ± 7.43

56.74 ± 11.14

0.279

 CT80-keV (HU)

47.21 ± 7.95

47.42 ± 8.54

0.907

48.46 ± 6.96

48.09 ± 9.42

0.837

 CT100-keV (HU)

35.00 ± 7.46

37.38 ± 7.64

0.157

36.66 ± 8.08

38.38 ± 8.39

0.348

 CT120-keV (HU)

29.11 ± 7.93

32.54 ± 7.67

0.048

30.96 ± 9.14

33.69 ± 8.37

0.155

 CT140-keV (HU)

25.58 ± 8.37

29.61 ± 7.82

0.025

27.77 ± 9.12

30.86 ± 8.49

0.112

 K40–70

2.96 ± 0.94

2.44 ± 0.78

0.006

2.86 ± 0.88

2.35 ± 0.83

0.008*

 K40–100

1.86 ± 0.59

1.53 ± 0.49

0.006

1.80 ± 0.55

1.48 ± 0.52

0.008*

 Zeff

8.52 ± 0.28

8.36 ± 0.24

0.006

8.52 ± 0.26

8.36 ± 0.25

0.008*

 IC (mg/cm3)

15.40 ± 5.01

12.62 ± 4.14

0.006

15.19 ± 4.67

12.52 ± 4.38

0.008*

 NIC

0.17 ± 0.06

0.14 ± 0.06

0.080*

0.16 ± 0.06

0.14 ± 0.06

0.045*

 WC (mg/cm3)

1016.44 ± 9.95

1021.81 ± 8.37

0.005*

1019.36 ± 11.54

1023.85 ± 8.94

0.039*

Venous Phase

      

 CT40-keV (HU)

168.36 ± 32.59

147.66 ± 34.03

0.006

164.98 ± 26.61

148.12 ± 34.45

0.017

 CT60-keV (HU)

85.34 ± 13.41

78.99 ± 15.56

0.053

85.59 ± 10.97

80.02 ± 15.72

0.075

 CT70-keV (HU)

65.99 ± 10.50

62.78 ± 11.60

0.196

66.75 ± 8.33

63.87 ± 12.02

0.191

 CT80-keV (HU)

53.60 ± 9.20

52.39 ± 9.57

0.562

54.83 ± 7.11

53.59 ± 10.16

0.504

 CT100-keV (HU)

39.71 ± 8.58

40.74 ± 8.03

0.573

41.21 ± 7.38

42.01 ± 8.88

0.661

 CT120-keV (HU)

32.96 ± 8.66

35.11 ± 7.73

0.231

34.67 ± 7.78

36.42 ± 8.71

0.344

 CT140-keV (HU)

28.60 ± 9.19

31.74 ± 7.70

0.089

30.79 ± 8.11

33.06 ± 8.75

0.228

 K40–70

3.41 ± 0.84

2.83 ± 0.82

0.002

3.27 ± 0.72

2.81 ± 0.84

0.009

 K40–100

2.14 ± 0.51

1.78 ± 0.51

0.002

2.06 ± 0.45

1.77 ± 0.53

0.009

 Zeff

8.65 ± 0.22

8.48 ± 0.24

0.002

8.64 ± 0.21

8.50 ± 0.25

0.007

 IC (mg/cm3)

17.57 ± 3.93

14.72 ± 4.34

0.003

17.41 ± 3.79

14.94 ± 4.44

0.009

 NIC

0.45 ± 0.13

0.37 ± 0.11

0.005

0.44 ± 0.12

0.38 ± 0.12

0.026

 WC (mg/cm3)

1018.86 ± 9.49

1022.79 ± 7.93

0.052*

1021.78 ± 9.15

1025.03 ± 8.81

0.108*

 ECV

0.27 ± 0.07

0.23 ± 0.07

0.006

0.27 ± 0.07

0.23 ± 0.08

0.034

AEF

0.87 ± 0.14

0.87 ± 0.17

0.934

0.87 ± 0.14

0.84 ± 0.19

0.454

NAEF

0.37 ± 0.08

0.39 ± 0.11

0.434*

0.37 ± 0.08

0.38 ± 0.13

0.639*

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation; *, Mann-Whitney test; K40–70 = (CT40 − keV- CT70 − keV)/30; K40–100 = (CT40 − keV- CT100 − keV)/60; Zeff, effective atomic number; (N)IC, (normalized) iodine concentration; WC, water concentration; ECV(%)=(1-hematocrit)×NIC; (N)AEF, (normalized) arterial enhancement fraction
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